Geography

Eswatini is characterized by its diverse topography, ranging from the low-lying plains in the east to the mountainous terrain of the Highveld in the west. The country is home to the Lebombo Mountains, which form a natural border with Mozambique. The highest point is Emlembe, at 1,862 meters (6,109 ft) above sea level. Notable rivers include the Usutu River, which flows through the country and forms a large part of its eastern border.

Population

Eswatini has a population of around 1.1 million people. The majority of the population is of Swazi origin, with a small minority of other ethnic groups. The official languages are Swazi and English, though many other languages are spoken throughout the country. The population is concentrated in the western and central regions, with a significant population density in the urban centers of Mbabane, the capital, and Manzini.

Culture

Eswatini has a vibrant culture deeply rooted in tradition. The Swazi people are renowned for their intricate weaving, beadwork, and traditional dances. The Umhlanga Reed Dance, a colorful and significant cultural event, is held annually and draws thousands of young women from across the country. The country is also known for its polygamous marriage system, where the King is allowed to have multiple wives. The country's unique cultural heritage is reflected in its music, art, and literature.

Economy

The Eswatini economy is based on agriculture, tourism, and manufacturing. Sugarcane, cotton, and citrus fruits are the main agricultural products, and these industries employ a significant portion of the workforce. Tourism is a growing sector, driven by the country's natural beauty and cultural attractions. The country is also a major producer of iron ore, diamonds, and coal. Eswatini has experienced economic challenges in recent years, including high poverty rates and a reliance on South Africa for trade and investment.

History

The history of Eswatini dates back to the 17th century when the Swazi people migrated to the region. The country was named Swaziland after King Mswati II, who reigned in the 19th century. Swaziland was a British protectorate from 1903 to 1968 and gained independence in 1968. The country has experienced a period of political instability and economic challenges, but has taken steps to address these issues in recent years.

Major Landmarks

Eswatini is home to several notable landmarks, including:

• Ngwenya Glassworks: A unique tourist attraction where visitors can witness the creation of glass art from recycled glass.
• Mlilwane Wildlife Sanctuary: A beautiful wildlife reserve known for its diverse bird life and scenic landscapes.
• Hlane Royal National Park: A large park with abundant wildlife, including elephants, giraffes, and zebras.
• King's Palace: The residence of the King of Eswatini, a magnificent complex located in the heart of the capital city, Mbabane.
• Malolotja National Park: A mountainous region offering hiking, camping, and stunning vistas.