Geography

Belgium occupies an area of 30,689 square kilometers (11,849 sq mi) and features a varied landscape. The country can be divided into three main regions: the coastal plains in the north, the Ardennes mountains in the southeast, and a central plateau known as the Campine. Belgium's landscape is characterized by fertile farmlands, rolling hills, and dense forests.

Population

Belgium is home to a population of approximately 11.6 million people, making it one of the most densely populated countries in Europe. The country has a diverse population with a strong French-speaking majority in the south and a Dutch-speaking majority in the north. There is also a German-speaking minority in the east.

Culture

Belgium boasts a rich cultural heritage that is a testament to its history and diverse population. The country is renowned for its art, music, literature, and cuisine.

• Art: Belgium has produced numerous celebrated artists, including Pieter Bruegel the Elder, Jan van Eyck, and René Magritte.
• Music: Belgian musical traditions are varied, from classical composers such as Peter Benoit to contemporary artists like Stromae.
• Literature: Belgium has a strong literary tradition, with notable authors such as Georges Simenon and Hugo Claus.
• Cuisine: Belgian cuisine is known for its hearty dishes, such as moules-frites (mussels and fries), waffles, and chocolate.

Economy

Belgium has a highly developed, mixed economy, with strong sectors in manufacturing, services, and tourism. Major industries include chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and transportation equipment. The country is also a major player in international trade.

History

Belgium's history is long and complex, marked by periods of independence and foreign rule. The country was formed in 1830 following the Belgian Revolution, which led to its secession from the United Kingdom of the Netherlands. Belgium played a significant role in the Industrial Revolution and was a founding member of the European Union.

Major Landmarks

Belgium is home to numerous historical and architectural landmarks. Some of the most notable include:

• Grand Place, Brussels: A UNESCO World Heritage Site, the Grand Place is a stunning example of Baroque architecture.
• Atomium, Brussels: A unique and iconic structure built for the 1958 Brussels World's Fair, the Atomium is a symbol of Belgium's technological prowess.
• Ghent Altarpiece, Ghent: A masterpiece of early Netherlandish painting, the Ghent Altarpiece is one of the most famous and revered works of art in the world.
• The Bruges Canal: A UNESCO World Heritage Site, the Bruges Canal is a picturesque waterway that winds through the heart of the city.